The paper presents the results of studies of sulfde and fuorite veins of the southern fank of the Saf?yanovka massive sulfde deposit, Central Urals. The sulfde veins include sphalerite-galena and sphalerite-pyrite-chalcopyrite types, in which sulfdes are associated with gypsum, carbonates, barite or quartz. Fluorite in host rocks is closely related to carbonates (dolomite, calcite, and siderite), kaolinite and magnesiocarpholite. The sulfde veins differ in chemical composition and rare minerals. In galena-sphalerite veins, the higher Zn, Pb, Cd and Ag content is associated with the presence of sphalerite, galena and tennantite-(Zn) with Ag (up to 1.09 wt %). In sphalerite-pyrite-chalcopyrite veins, the accumulation of Cu, Sn, In, Se, Te and Bi is explained by the presence of tennantite-(Zn), enargite, stannoidite, sakuraiite (?), wittichenite, hessite and Se-bearing galena. The elevated (ppm) Th (1.69) и U (4.79) and REE + Y (447) content is determined in fuorite veins. The REE minerals include fuorcarbonates (synchisite-(Nd) (predominant), synchisite-(Y), synchisite-(Ce) and bastnasite), which are closely associated with overprinted dolomite and kaolinite. The fuid inclusions study of gypsum from pyrite-chalcopyrite veins showed that the associated Cu mineralization formed from H2O-Na-K chloride fuid at temperatures of 210–150 °С. The fuid, which was responsible for the formation of fuorite veins, contained Na, K, Ca и Mg. The formation temperatures of fuorite range from 190 to 280 °С. New data revealed the peculiarities of mineral composition of rich Cu ores with fuorite and also explain the higher content of some elements, including REEs.

Received 07.11.2024, revised 12.12.2024, accepted 16.12.2024

Keywords: Saf?yanovka massive sulfde deposit, vein mineralogy, rare minerals, fuid inclusions, formation conditions.

Funding: This study was supported by state contracts no. 122031600292-6 (South Ural Federal Scientifc Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology UB RAS) and no. 123011800009-9 (Institute of Geology and Geochemistry UB RAS).

Acknowledgements. The authors are grateful to the chief geologist of JSC Saf?yanovskaya Med N.V. Leshchev for assistance in organizing feld research, A.I. Brusnitsyn and the editors of the journal for comments, which were taken into account during the preparation of the fnal version of the manuscript, P.V. Khvorov, E.D. Zenovich and M.N. Malyarenok for analytical work.

Confict of interest. The authors declare that they have no conficts of interest.

Author contribution. N.P. Safna – conceptualization, investigation, visualization, writing – original draft; A.V. Korovko – conceptualization, investigation; I.A. Blinov – analytical/experimental work, visualization; N.N. Ankusheva – analytical/experimental work, writing – review & editing; M.A. Rassomakhin – analytical/ experimental work; K.A. Filippova – analytical/experimental work. All the authors approved the fnal version of the manuscript prior to publication.

For citation: Safna N.P., Korovko A.V., Blinov I.A., Ankusheva N.N., Rassomakhin M.A., Filippova K.A. Mineralogical features and physicochemical formation conditions of vein mineralization of the southern fank of the Saf?yanovka massive sulfde deposit (Central Urals). Mineralogy, 2024, 10(4), 75–97. DOI: 10.35597/2313-545X-2024-10-4-4

N.P. Safna, South Ural Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology UB RAS, Miass, Chelyabinsk region, 456317 Russia; natali.safna2015@yandex.ru

A.V. Korovko, Institute of Geology and Geochemistry UB RAS, ul. Akademika Vonsovskogo 15, Yekaterinburg, 620016 Russia;

I.A. Blinov, South Ural Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology UB RAS, Miass, Chelyabinsk region, 456317 Russia;

N.N. Ankusheva,South Ural Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology UB RAS, Miass, Chelyabinsk region, 456317 Russia;

M.A. Rassomakhin, South Ural Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology UB RAS, Miass, Chelyabinsk region, 456317 Russia;

K.A. Filippova, South Ural Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology UB RAS, Miass, Chelyabinsk region, 456317 Russia

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