Characteristic of natural carbon nanominerals and their aggregates from the Dzharakuduk area (Uzbekistan)
M.Yu. Povarennykh, E.N. Matvienko, A.V. Knotko, T.B. Shatalova
UDК 548.4:549.08:550.4
Interstitial fbrous nanoscale aggregates of multilayered carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, and fuller-enoids were found in quartz and potassium feldspar grains of slag-like rocks (metamorphosed pol-ymictic sandstones) of the dzharakuduk area (Kyzylkum desert, Uzbekistan). this is the frst fnd of carbon nanotubes ~10 Å in diameter and their assemblages in natural rocks. Based on high-resolution transmitting and scanning electron microscopy, raman spectroscopy and ms dta, it is shown that carbon fullerenes are from 1–2 to 30–50 nm in diameter and carbon nanotubes are distinct in diameter (1–3 to 40–60 nm), length (7–10 to few hundreds of nanometers), and the amount of layers (2–3 to 40). Owing to electron transparency of carbon nanominerals and their magnifcation in one million times, we revealed morphological features of their zonal-sectorial structure and cut evolution.
Figures 15. References 36.
Key words: dzharakuduk, kyzylkum, layered carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, fullerenoids, ontogeny, high-resolution transmitting and scanning microscopy.
M.Yu. Povarennykh, S.I. Vavilov Institute for Natural Science History and Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; mpovarennykh@mail.ru
E.N. Matvienko, Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow;
A.V. Knotko,Moscow State University, Moscow
T.B. Shatalov,Moscow State University, Moscow
- Askhabov A.M., Yushkin N.P. (1999) [the kvataron mechanism responsible for the genesis of noncrystalline forms of nanostructures]. Doklady Earth Sciences, 368(7), 940–942.
- Becker L., Bada J.L., Winas R.E., Hunt J.E., Burch T.E., French B.M. (1994) fullerenes in the 1.85 Billion year old sudbury impact structure. Science, 256, 642–645.
- Buseck P.P., Tsipursky S.I., Hettich R. (1992) Fullerenes from the geological environment. Science, 257, 215–217.
- Buseck P.Р. (2002) Geological fullerenes: review and analysis. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 203(3–4), 781–792.
- Daly T.K., Buseck P.P., Williams P., Zewis C.F. (1992) Fullerenes from a fulgurite. Science, 259, 1599–1601.
- Endo M., Oberlin A., Koyama T. (1976) High resolution electron microscope observations of graphitized carbon fbers, Carbon., 14(2), 133–135.
- Iijima Sumio (1991) Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature, 354, 56–58.
- Iijima Sumio, Ichibashi T. (1993) Single-shell carbon nanotube of 1-nm diameter. Nature, 363, 603–605.
- Kiselev N.А., Zakharov D.N. (2001) [Electron microscopy of carbon nanotubes]. Crystallography Reports, 46(4), 577–585.
- Korsakovskaya Z.Ya., Chernozatonsky L.Ya. (1992) [Nanofber carbon structure]. Pis’ma v Journal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki [Letters to Journal of Technical Physics], 56, 26. (in russian)
- Kovalevski V.V., Rozhkova N.N., Zaidenberg A.Z., Yermolin A.N. (1994) Fullerene-like structures in shungites and their physical properties. Mol. Mat., 4, 77–80.
- Krätschmer W., Lowell D., Lamb K., Fostiropoulos K. (1990) Solid c60: a new form of carbon. Nature, 347, 354–357.
- Kroto H.W. (1989) The role of linear and spheroidal carbon molecules in interstellar grain formation. Ann. Phys., 14(2), 169–180.
- Kroto H.W., Heath J.R., O`Brien S.C., Curl R.F., Smalley R.E. (1985) С60 buckminsterfullerene. Nature, 318, 162–163.
- Larin V.N. (2007) [Power engineering at hydrogene – myth or reality?] / contr-tv.ru, Internet against TV, 26.04.2007. (in russian)
- Larin V.N., Larin N.V., Zgonnik V.A. (2016) [Stone tubes of the kyzylkum desert] / www.hydrogen-future.com. (in russian)
- Marchenko L.G. (2010) [Micro- and nanomineralogy of gold and pge in black schists]. Almaty, 146 p. (in russian)
- Nesterenko A.M., Kolesnik N.F., Akhmatov Yu.S., Prilutskiy O.V. (1982) [Phase composition and structure of carbon nanoparticles synthesized by a method of thermocatalytic disproportionation of carbon monoxide]. Izvestiya AN SSSR. Seriya Metally [Izvestiya of Academy of Sciences USSR. Seria Metals], 3, 12–17. (in russian)
- Povarennykh M.Yu. (1996) [Fullerenes as protominerals]. Zapiski VMO [Proceedings of Russian Mineralogical Society], 125(5), 97–102 (in russian)
- Povarennykh M.Yu. (1997) Fullerenes as protominerals / fullerenes and atomic clusters (iWfac 1997). abstr., 341–342.
- Povarennykh M.Yu. (1999) [Micro- and nanomineralogy. steps on the way to the protomineral]. Uralsky geologichesky zhurnal [Urals Geological Journal], (6), 3–12 (in russian)
- Povarennykh M.Yu. (2017) The discovery of carbon nanotubes in nature as representatives of a new mineral subkingdom – nanominerals. Proc. 6-th Advances Functional Materials and Devices (afmd–2017), Moscow, MSU, 46–47.
- Povarennykh M.Yu., Matvienko E.N. (2015) [Development of the mineralogical and petrographical theory: theory-systematical foundation of the natural classifcation of minerals and rocks and creation of the periodical system of minerals]. Hamburg, Lap Lambert, 117 p.
- Povarennykh M.Yu., Onoprienko V.I. (1986) [Essence of the mineral]. Geologichesky zhurnal [Geological Journal], 46(5), 53–57 (in russian)
- Povarennykh M.Yu. (1988) [Meaning of term «surface» in study of main object of mineralogy]. in: Teoriya mineralogii [Theory of Mineralogy]. Leningrad, Nauka, 20– 22 (in russian)
- Radushkevich L.V., Lukyanovich V.M. (1952) [Structure of carbon formed due to thermic decay of the carbon monoxide on an iron catalyst]. Zhurnal fzicheskoy khimii [Journal of Physical Chemistry], 26, 86–88 (in russian)
- Ponomarchuk V. A., Kolmogorov Y. P. , Ryabov V. V., Titov A. T. , Moroz T. N. , Semenova D. V. , Pyryaev A. N., Ponomarchuk A. V. (2013) [Sr Xrf study of natural micro-and nanostructured carbon from igneous rocks]. Izvestiya RAN. Seriya fzicheskaya [Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics], 77(2), 203–206.
- Simakov S.К., Grafchikov А.А., Sirotkin А.К., Drozdova I.А., Lapshin А.Е., Grebenshchikov Е.А. (2001) [Synthesis of carbon nanotubes and fullerite structures at pt parameters corresponding to natural mineral formation]. Doklady Earth Sciences, 376(1), 87– 89.
- Slodkevich V.V., Shafranovsky g.I., Kirikov A.D., Balmasov E.L. (1999) [Fullerenes in nature: prediction and problems of their generation and polygenesis]. Zapiski VMO [Proceedings of Russian Mineralogical Society], 128(5), 102–111 (in russian)
- Tennent G. (1987) us patent 4663230 «Carbon fbrils, method for producing same and compositions containing same», Granted 1987-05-05.
- Velasco-Santos C., Martinez-Hernandez A.L., Consultchi A., Rodriques R., Castano V.M. (2003) Naturally produced carbon nanotubes. Chem. Phys. Letters, 373, 273–276.
- Veretennikov B.G. (2004) [Dzharakuduk valley – a unique paleontological monument of uzbekistan]. Gornyi vestnik Uzbekistana [Mining Vestnik of Uzbekistan], samarkand, «tong» (2), 90–92 (in russian)
- Vul A.Ya., Sokolov V.I. (2007) [Nanocarbon investigations in russia: from fullerenes to nanotubes and nanodiamоnds]. Rossiyskie nanotekhnologii [Russian Nanotechnologies], 2(3–4), 17–30 (in russian)
- https://varandej.livejournal.com/836773.html
- https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Аллотропия углерода
МINERALOGY № 1 2018