Special spatial symmetry of mineral structures
Ya.О. Shablovsky
Formation of mineral structures is afected both by energetic and crystal chemical barriers: limitations of possible choice of positions of structural units in a crystal lattice caused by features of its Fedorov group. The correspondence of structures of thermodynamically instable mineral phases to priority (most likely) crystal chemical types provides for their kinetic stability. At the same time, crystallization of rare structure is possible only upon conditions of its energetic stability, because the rarity of the Fedorov group indicates its low «crystal chemical feasibility» of the corresponding structure. The phenomenon of rare Fedorov groups is stable, since it is caused by fundamental crystal chemical reasons. It is most striking in a framework structure of a crystal lattice, because the mineral phases can contain 24 various types of 3D-periodical framework structures. The minerals with framework structure can exhibit the efect of supersymmetry, i.e., stability of the structure with chemically identical but symmetrically independent structural units. This efect may be typical of framework structures corresponding to Fedorov groups P42m, P4m2, I42m, I4m2, P222, C222, F222, I222, P23, F23, I23, P432, P4232, F432, P422, I422, P4222, P6222 and P6422. In particular, this structural efect is typical of cubic modifcation of lazurite with Fedorov group P23.
Refereces. 27.
Key words: mineral structure, spatial symmetry, Fedorov group, framework structure, supersymmetr.
Ya.O. Shablovsky, Gomel State Technical University, pr Oktyabrya 48, Gomel, 246746 Belorussia; ya.shablowsky@yandex.ru
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