In alkaline rocks, pegmatites and carbonatites of the Vishnevye Mountains, zircons co-crystallized with rock-forming silicates (feldspars, nepheline, annite, etc.), as well as with some other minerals (pyrochlore, magnetite, ilmenite, apatite, monazite, calcite, etc.) and cannot be ascribed to metacrystals. The morphology of zircon crystals (their cut and habit) varies from dipyramidal (in miaskites) to short prismatic (in biotite syenites), from dipyramidal to prismatic in alkaline pegmatites, and with a combination of dipyramids in carbonatites, which is explained by variation in  alkalinity of mineral-forming conditions from early alkaline (miaskits) to less alkaline (syenites) and alkaline (carbonatites). Zonal and zonal-sectorial zircon crystals with variations in the HfO2 content are dominant and relatively homogeneous crystal rarely occur. In different zircon crystals, the HfO2 content of peripheral zones either increases or decreases and unevenly vary. Sectorial composition of zircon is mostly related to distinct HfO2 contents of peripheral zones of prisms {100}, {110} and dipyramid {111} and {221}. The reserves of zircon of are ~75 kt and possible resources are >100 kt.

Figures 8. Table 1. References 26.

Key words: zircon, miaskite-carbonatite complex, Vishnevye Mountains, South Ural.

V.I. Popova, V.A. Popov, V.A. Kotlyarov, Institute of Mineralogy SU FRC MG UB RAS, Miass, Chelyabinsk oblast, 456317 Russia; popov@mineralogy.ru

1. Amelandov A.S. (1929) [Materials to understanding of nepheline pegmatites of the Kasli district, Urals]. Izvestiya Geolkoma [News of Geological Committee], 48(6), 148–
   155. (in Russian)
2. Bonstedt-Kupletskaya E.M. (1951) [Mineralogy of alkaline pegmatites of the Vishnevye Mountains]. Moscow, AN SSSR, 176 p. (in Russian)
3. Chesnokov B.V. (1959) [About luminescence and interior structure of zircon crystals from Vishnevye Mountains]. Zapiski VMO [Proceedings of All-Union Mineralogical Society], 88(5), 583–586. (in Russian)
4. Chesnokov B.V. (1960) [About regular zirconpyrochlore intergrowths from Vishnevye Mountains]. Materialy po geologii i poleznym iskopaemym Urala [Materials on geology and mineral resources of the Urals. Proceedings of Sverdlovsk Mining Institute], 35, 163–164. (in Russian)
5. Es′kova E.M., Zhabin A.G., Mukhitdinov G.N. (1964) [Mineralogy and geochemistry of rare elements of the Vishnevye Mountains]. Moscow, Nauka, 319 p. (in Russian)
6. Geology of USSR (1969) [Perm, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Kurgan regions]. Moscow, Nedra, XII, part 1, book 2, 304 p.
7. Isakov M.G. (1940ф) [Final report on exploration of zircon placers and search of primary deposits of zircon and REE minerals in Vishnevye and Potaniny Mountains in 1937–1940]. Book 1. Sverdlovsk, Soyuszvetmetrazvedka, Vishnevogorsky GRP, 213 с. (in Russian)
8. Isakov M.G., Vodop′yanov V.D., Chesnokov B.V. (1953ф) [Calculation of reserves of zircon placers of Vishnevogorsky deposit on 1/VII–1953]. Book 1. Vishnevogorsk, Vishnevogorsky GRP, 314 p. (in Russian)
9. Khalezova E.B. (1963) [About typomorphism of zircon from alkaline rocks of the Ilmeny and Vishnevye Mountains]. Trudy Mineralogicheskogo muzeya AN SSSR [Proceedings of Mineralogical Museum of USSR], 14, 182–189. (in Russian)
10. Kostyleva E.E., Vladimirova M.E. (1934) [Zircon]. In: Mineralogia Soyuza [Mineralogy of USSR], Series A, Issue 2, 43–47, 65–72. (in Russian)
11. Krasnobaev A.A. (1986) [Zircon as an indicator of  geological processes]. Moscow, Nauka, 147 p. (in Russian)
12. Krasnobaev A.A., Rusin A.I., Valizer P.M.,  Busharina S.V. (2010) [Zirconology of calcite carbonatites of the Vishnevogorsk massif, Southern Urals]. Doklady Earth Sciences, 431(3), 390–393.
13. Levin V.Ya., Ronenson B.M., Samkov V.S., Sergeev N.S., Kiselev A.P., Levina I.A. (1997) [Alkalinecarbonatite complexes of the Urals]. Yekaterinburg, Uralgeolcom, 274 p. (in Russian)
14. Nedosekova I.L., Belyatsky B.V., Belousova E.A.  (2016) Trace elements and Hf isotope composition as indicators of zircon genesis due to the evolution of  alkalinecarbonatite magmatic system (Ilmeny-Vishnevogorsky complex, Urals, Russia). Russian Geology and Geophysics, 57(6), 891–906.
15. Nikandrov S.N. (1983) [Mineralization of postore faults of the Vishnevogorsky deposit]. Mineraly i paragenesisy mineralov mestorozhdenyi Urala [Minerals and mineral assemblages of the Ural deposits]. Sverdlovsk, UNC AN USSR, 32–45. (in Russian)
16. Popov V.A., Blinov I.A. (2018) [First find of baddeleyite in alkaline complex of the Vishnevye Mountains, South Urals]. Mineralogia [Mineralogy], 4(1), 3–7. (in Russian)
17. Popov V.A., Popova V.I. (1996) [Assemblages of forms of mineral crystals]. Miass, IGZ UrO RAN, 103 p. (in Russian)
18. Popova V.I. (1995) [Neutron-activation radiograthy of the minerals]. Miass, IMin UrO RAN,, 188 p. (in Russian)
19. Popova V.I., Chesnokov B.V. (1980) [Anatomy of zircon crystals from alkaline pegmatites of the Vishnevye Mountains]. Ontogeniya pegmatitov Urala [Onthogeny of pegmatites of the Urals]. Sverdlovsk, UNC AN SSSR, 91–101. (in Russian)
20. Popova V.I., Popov V.A., Blinov I.A., Kotlyarov V.A., Kasatkin A.V., Škoda R., Lebedeva S.M. (2019) [New findings of rare minerals in pegmatites of Vishnevye Mountains in the Southern Urals]. Mineralogia [Mineralogy], 5(1), 3–14. (in Russian)
21. Popova V.I., Tatarkin M.A., Khasanov R.A., Bobrov V.A., Vinokurov V.M. (1985) [Onthogeny of zircon from alkaline pegmatites of the Vishnevye and Ilmeny Mountains]. Problemy ontogenii mineralov [Problems of onthogeny of minerals]. Leningrad, Nauka, 83–92. (in Russian)
22. Shafranovsky I.I. (1933) [Zircons of the Vishnevye Mountains]. Zapiski Mineralogicheskogo obshchestva [Proceedings of Mineralogical Society], 62(1), 218–256. (in Russian)
23. Shchurovsky G. (1841) [The Ural Ridge in physicogeographical, geognostic and mineralogical relation]. Moscow, Universitetskaya tipografiya, 307 p. (in Russian)
24. Slavinsky S.S., Luks A.A., Lisitsyn A.I., Ionova T.N. (1957ф) [Vishnevogorsky Nb deposit and its perspective].
25. Berezovsky, Mine No. 6, 265 pp. (in Russian) Sushchinsky P.P. (1900) [Some mineralogical observations in Ilmeny Mountains and Kyshtym mining district conducted in summer of 1899]. Trudy SaintPetersburg Obshchestva estestvoispytateley [Proceedings of Saint-Petersburg society of naturalists], 29(5), 21–46. (in Russian)
26. Zaytsev A.M. (1884) [Geological sketch of Kyshtym and Kasli dachas in the Central Urals]. Trudy Obtshestva  estestvoznaniya Kazanskogo universiteta [Proceedings of Society of Natural History of Kazan University], 13(3), 1–38. (in Russian)